Tropical Rain Forest, which in Columbus's tima covered most of the West Indian islands, is today rapidly decreasing in area, but not long ago stretched over almost all of the equatorial lowlands of South America, Africa and southeastern Asia.
It is the charcteristic vegetation of the humid tropics and occupies (or formerly occupied) all land surfaces with a sufficiently hot climate, and a sufficiently heavy and well-distributed rainfall, except for the small areas where the ground is so swamphy, is otherwise unsuitable for trees to grow, or where as in young volcanic lava, there has not been time for it to develop.
In ecological terms, evergreen forest is the climax, or potential natural vegetation, of humid equatorial climates.
Caral is the oldest civilization in the Americas, having developed almost simultaneously with the civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China. [more...]
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